МЕХАНИЗМЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЯДРОВОЙ ДРЕВЕСИНЫ: ФИЗИОЛОГО-БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ И МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ
Аннотация
Ядровая древесина – физиологически неактивная часть ксилемы, которая образуется в результате смерти клеток паренхимы и характеризуется накоплением экстрактивных веществ, придающих древесине устойчивость к биодеградации. В обзоре обобщена последняя информация об анатомических, биохимических особенностях формирования ядровой древесины, описаны ключевые стадии ее формирования у основных лесообразующих пород, рассмотрена ее биологическая роль. Отдельное внимание уделено описанию последних достижений в изучении генов, кодирующих ключевые ферменты углеводного и фенольного обменов, метаболизма гормонов, некоторые факторы транскрипции, экспрессия которых возрастает при образовании ядровой древесины. В обзоре представлены оригинальные гипотезы, которые рассматривают образование ядровой древесины как форму старения тканей и сравнивают с программируемой клеточной смертью.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17076/eb1315
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